Function binary(x) As string

   'astr$ assembles the binary representation, in reverse

   Local astr$= Str$(x Mod 2) ' intial value
   Local rev$=""  'define the reversed string
   Local pad = 0  'the padding to make up to 8 bits


    Do
       If x Mod 2 = 1 Then  ' ie if there is a remainder
           x = x \ 2  'divide and round down
       Else
           x = x / 2  ' actual division
       End If

       astr$ = astr$ + Str$(x Mod 2)  ' assemble a string of the bits

   Loop While x <> 0

   pad=8-Len(astr$)   ' pad it out to 8 bits

   For n = 1 To pad
       astr$=astr$+"0"
   Next n

   For i = 8 To 1 Step -1
       rev$=rev$+Mid$(astr$,i,1)  ' reverse the string so it reads left to right
   Next i

   binary$=(rev$)  'dump rev$ into binary$ so that the function returns it

End Function

''Test the function

Print "Binary of 10 = " binary(10)  'test the function  - should produce 00001010  (ie 2^3 + 2^1 = 8 + 2 = 10)
Print "Binary of 128 = " binary(128) 'test - should produce 10000000

x = 11

Print "Binary of " x " = " binary(x)  ' passing x as a variable produces the right answer


''' works as expected until here...........


'' but when I wrap the function in a loop, all hell breaks lose.....
'' uncomment for fun

Print ""
For x = 8 To 16   'arbitary range to convert from decimal to binary
  'Print "Binary of " x " = " binary(x)    '' if you uncomment this and observe ????
  Print x    '' if you leave the above line commented, but uncomment this >> loop clearly working
Next x

 OPTION EXPLICIT
 DIM INTEGER s = 1245
 DIM INTEGER k = 1245
 
 PRINT "Same 'name' but different types"
 PRINT mytest(s)
 PRINT s
 PRINT
 PRINT "Same 'name' and same types = byref"
 s = 1245
 PRINT mytest2(s)
 PRINT s
   PRINT
 PRINT "Different 'name' and same types = byref"
 k = 1245
 PRINT mytest2(k)
 PRINT k
 
FUNCTION mytest(s AS FLOAT)
 s = s/2
 mytest = s
END FUNCTION
 
FUNCTION mytest2(s AS INTEGER)
 s = s/2
 mytest2 = s
END FUNCTION

      If x Mod 2 = 1 Then  ' ie if there is a remainder
          x = x \ 2  'divide and round down
      Else
          x = x / 2  ' actual division
      End If

      x = x \ 2

DIM FLOAT x

FOR x = -5  TO 5
div x
NEXT x
END

SUB div(x)
PRINT
PRINT "x         ";x
PRINT "x/2       ";x/2
PRINT "x\2       ";x\2
PRINT "fix(x/2)  ";FIX(x/2)
PRINT "int(x/2)  ";INT(x/2)
PRINT "cint(x/2) ";CINT(x/2)
END SUB

DIM FLOAT n,k
DIM INTEGER m
PRINT "N   INT(N) CINT(N) FIX(N)  n\1  k\2   m"
FOR n = -3 TO 3 STEP 0.25
m = n ' assign a float to an integer
k = n * 2
PRINT STR$(n,2,2),,INT(n),,CINT(n),,FIX(n),,n\1,,k\2,,m
NEXT n

N  INT(N) CINT(N) FIX(N) n\1  k\2  m
-3.00 -3 -3 -3 -3 -3 -3
-2.75 -3 -3 -2 -3 -3 -3
-2.50 -3 -3 -2 -3 -2 -3
-2.25 -3 -2 -2 -2 -2 -2
-2.00 -2 -2 -2 -2 -2 -2
-1.75 -2 -2 -1 -2 -2 -2
-1.50 -2 -2 -1 -2 -1 -2
-1.25 -2 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1
-1.00 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1
-0.75 -1 -1 0 -1 -1 -1
-0.50 -1 -1 0 -1 0 -1
-0.25 -1 0 0 0 0 0
0.00 0 0 0 0 0 0
0.25 0 0 0 0 0 0
0.50 0 1 0 1 0 1
0.75 0 1 0 1 1 1
1.00 1 1 1 1 1 1
1.25 1 1 1 1 1 1
1.50 1 2 1 2 1 2
1.75 1 2 1 2 2 2
2.00 2 2 2 2 2 2
2.25 2 2 2 2 2 2
2.50 2 3 2 3 2 3
2.75 2 3 2 3 3 3
3.00 3 3 3 3 3 3