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matherp
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Joined: 11/12/2012
Location: United Kingdom
Posts: 10653

Posted: 01:15pm 10 Nov 2025

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are you using rgb(red) or just red? If the latter USE OPTION EXPLICIT!!!

Bleep
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Joined: 09/01/2022
Location: United Kingdom
Posts: 694

Posted: 01:54pm 10 Nov 2025

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Ok thanks.

Volhout
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Joined: 05/03/2018
Location: Netherlands
Posts: 5485

Posted: 07:59am 12 Nov 2025

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Hi Peter,

I know it has been closing day for new features for 6.01.00 for a while, but since you have not closed it yet, I want to propose a change (in all platforms that have flash slots and VGA/HDMI).

What about the option to format a flash slot as a video plane (i.e. RGB121 320x240, or RGB222 320x240). And allow the BLIT command to copy data from it as it if where video data (tiles/sprites). This would be read only planes, that can only be written to with FLASH LOAD IMAGE "xxx.bmp".

You can achieve similar as in Petscii where we store non-compressed, or compressed video data in a flash slot. But that method is quite elaborate. It was needed for Petscii since there where so many sprites and tiles.

LeoNicolas is now looking at porting KnighMare to PicoVGA. The graphic elements in that game are (unless I misunderstood) in a single plane, loaded from a PNG file. CMM2 and MMB4W have so much RAM it is simple have another plane.
For Pico, converting the PNG file to a BMP in RGB121 and re-formatting to fit in one or more 320x240 BMP's, seems easy on a PC Put on SD card, then it is simple to load it in a flash slot, and start copying data with BLIT (in case BLIT supports this).

A 100kbyte flash slot could hold 2 planes 320x240 in RGB121, or one in RGB222. But maybe it is better to define the geometry to fill the 100kbyte (320x600 ? 256x720 ?)

When you put

REM Video bitmap data RGB121 320x600
END

At the start of that flash slot, a FLASH LIST will also show what it is used for, and accidental FLASH RUN x will not crash the system.

Just an idea. It feels much simpler than the Petscii way (which takes hours manual work, prone to making mistakes).

Volhout
Edited 2025-11-12 18:10 by Volhout

PicomiteVGA PETSCII ROBOTS

Amnesie
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Joined: 30/06/2020
Location: Germany
Posts: 721

Posted: 02:17pm 12 Nov 2025

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Hi Peter,

I have possibly found a bug.

IR doesn't work anymore.

Observation: If I press on my (working two) remote controlls, the code is recognized, but only one single time, other key presses aren't. If I do a power off on the picoMiteHDMI, then the whole process repeats: only one single time the remote code is recognized, I have to reboot again. There isn't an error or so, but as said it only works for exactly one single time. On previous versions (but I don't know in which this "bug" (?) is introduced) everything worked.

P.S.: I just tested a (previously working) second picoMiteHDMI, but with the USB firmware, exactly the same behavior! Ir receive just works for one single time.

Greetings
Daniel
Edited 2025-11-13 00:26 by Amnesie

matherp
Guru

Joined: 11/12/2012
Location: United Kingdom
Posts: 10653

Posted: 07:13pm 12 Nov 2025

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V6.01.00RC12

PicoMiteRP2350VGAV6.01.00RC12.zip

I know this is supposed to be a release candidate thread but....
My daughter says my grandson want to have a go at coding so I thought turtle graphics would be a good start. The CMM2 has an implementation but it is fairly primitive so Claude and I rolled our sleeves up.

This release contains a very comprehensive turtle graphics implementation for all versions except the WebMite RP2040 and WebMite RP2350.
The supported commands are:
Movement Commands
FORWARD distance (FD) - Move forward by distance pixels
BACK distance (BK) - Move backward by distance pixels
LEFT [angle] (LT) - Turn left by angle degrees, 90 degrees if not specified
RIGHT [angle] (RT) - Turn right by angle degrees, 90 degrees if not

Position Commands
SET XY x, y - Move to absolute position (x,y)
SET X x - Set X coordinate, keep Y
SET Y y - Set Y coordinate, keep X
SET HEADING angle (SETH) - Set absolute heading (0=right, 90=up)
HOME - Return to center (160,120) heading 0

Pen Control Commands
PEN UP (PU) - Lift pen (stop drawing)
PEN DOWN (PD) - Lower pen (start drawing)
PEN COLOUR color (PC) - Set pen color
PEN WIDTH width (PW) - Set pen line width

Arc and Curve Commands
ARC radius angle - Draw arc with given radius and angle
ARCLEFT radius,angle (ARCL) - Draw arc turning left
ARCRIGHT radius,angle (ARCR) - Draw arc turning right
BEZIER cp1 , cp1angle, cp2, cp2angle, end, endangle - Draw Bezier curve with control points

Basic Shape Commands
CIRCLE radius - Draw circle at current position
DOT size - Draw filled dot (default size=5)
FCIRCLE radius - Draw filled circle
FRECTANGLE width,height (FRECT) - Draw filled rectangle
WEDGE radius start end - Draw filled wedge/pie slice

Fill Commands
FILL COLOUR color (FC) - Set fill color and enable filling
FILL PATTERN pattern (FP) - Set fill pattern (0-7)
NO FILL - Disable filling
FILL - Flood fill at current position
BEGIN FILL (BF) - Start recording polygon for fill
END FILL (EF) - End recording and fill polygon

Cursor Commands
SHOW TURTLE (ST) - Show turtle cursor
HIDE TURTLE (HT) - Hide turtle cursor
CURSOR SIZE size (CS) - Set cursor size
CURSOR COLOUR color (CC) - Set cursor color
STAMP - Draw a turtle at the current x,y position

State Management Commands
RESET [show] - clear screen and reset everything, show the turtle if show = 1
PUSH - Save current position and heading to stack
POP - Restore position and heading from stack

The code includes the ability to fill circles,rectangles and polygons with a textured fill. Run it in mode 2 on a RP2040 VGA system or mode 3 on a RP2350 VGA or HDMI.

Fill Patterns
0: Solid fill
1: Checkerboard
2: Vertical lines
3: Horizontal lines
4: Diagonal cross
5: Diagonal stripes
6: Crosshatch
7: Fine diagonal
8: Dense checkerboard
9: Diagonal right medium
10: Diagonal left medium
11: Vertical lines medium
12: Horizontal lines medium
13: Large checkerboard
14: Dotted vertical
15: Horizontal stripes tight
16: Grid
17: Weave pattern
18: Diamond
19: Gradient diagonal
20: Gradient diagonal reverse
21: Border/frame
22: Vertical split
23: Woven
24: Sparse dots
25: Diagonal very fine
26: Arrow up
27: Dense dots
28: Chevron
29: Diamond hollow
30: Circle
31: Circle filled

The best way to see what the code can do is to run my test harness below.

RC12 also includes a new driver for the PICOMITE RP2350.
VGA222 and VGA222_320.
These are enabled with:
OPTION LCDPANEL VGA222/VGA222_320, hsyncpin, bluelpin

This checks for availability of
hysyncpin and hysyncpin+1 (vsync)
bluelpin - bluelpin+5 (blue_l, blue_h, green_l, green_h, red_l, red_h
assuming these are all free it sets up to run VGA222 output on the pins specified in either 640x480 (VGA222) or 320x240 (VGA222_320)
To connect the data pins to the VGA connector use 390 and 820 ohm resistors from the outputs as per the green channel in the manual ( page 29)

RGB222 gives a much nicer colour rendition than the RGB121 available on the VGA version. Note, there are no modes. The 640x480 and 320x240 are different drivers and use different amounts of memory (much more in the case of 640x480). To generate the VGA output I use PIO0 and PIO1 leaving PIO2 available (unless you also use the I2S audio driver.

I've tested running Petscii robots on the 320x240 driver and it runs superbly

To support the new driver, the mode parameter in LOAD DITHERED and LOAD JPG is changed:
DITHER_FS_RGB121 0
DITHER_FS_RGB222 1
DITHER_FS_RGB332 2
DITHER_ATKINSON_RGB121 4
DITHER_ATKINSON_RGB222 5
DITHER_ATKINSON_RGB332 6

i.e. bit 2 specifies the dithering type and bits 0 and 1 specify the resolution

' ============================================================================
' TURTLE GRAPHICS TEST SUITE FOR MMBASIC
' ============================================================================

Option EXPLICIT
Option DEFAULT INTEGER

Dim test_number As INTEGER = 0
Dim passed As INTEGER = 0
Dim failed As INTEGER = 0

' ============================================================================
' MAIN TEST MENU
' ============================================================================
Sub TestMenu()
Local choice$

Do
CLS
Print "TURTLE GRAPHICS TEST SUITE"
Print "=========================="
Print
Print "1. Basic Movement Tests"
Print "2. Pen Control Tests"
Print "3. Position Tests"
Print "4. Shape Tests (Circles)"
Print "5. Shape Tests (Rectangles)"
Print "6. Arc Tests"
Print "7. Fill Pattern Tests"
Print "8. Polygon Fill Tests"
Print "9. Stack (PUSH/POP) Tests"
Print "10. Cursor Tests"
Print "11. Complex Drawing Tests"
Print "12. Stress Tests"
Print "13. Run All Tests"
Print "0. Exit"
Print
Input "Select test: ", choice$

Select Case Val(choice$)
Case 1: Test_BasicMovement()
Case 2: Test_PenControl()
Case 3: Test_Position()
Case 4: Test_Circles()
Case 5: Test_Rectangles()
Case 6: Test_Arcs()
Case 7: Test_FillPatterns()
Case 8: Test_PolygonFill()
Case 9: Test_Stack()
Case 10: Test_Cursor()
Case 11: Test_ComplexDrawing()
Case 12: Test_Stress()
Case 13: RunAllTests()
Case 0: Exit Sub
End Select

Print
Print "Press any key to continue..."
Do While Inkey$ = "": Loop
Loop
End Sub

' ============================================================================
' TEST 1: BASIC MOVEMENT
' ============================================================================
Sub Test_BasicMovement()
Local i As INTEGER

StartTest("Basic Movement Tests")

' Test 1.1: Square using FORWARD and RIGHT
TestCase("Square with FD and RT")
Turtle RESET
Turtle HIDETURTLE
For i = 1 To 4
Turtle FORWARD 100
Turtle RIGHT 90
Next i
WaitForKey()

' Test 1.2: Square using short commands
TestCase("Square with short commands (FD, RT)")
Turtle RESET
Turtle HT
For i = 1 To 4
Turtle FD 100
Turtle RT 90
Next i
WaitForKey()

' Test 1.3: Triangle using LEFT
TestCase("Triangle with FD and LT")
Turtle RESET
Turtle HT
For i = 1 To 3
Turtle FD 100
Turtle LT 120
Next i
WaitForKey()

' Test 1.4: Star using large angles
TestCase("Star pattern")
Turtle RESET
Turtle HT
For i = 1 To 5
Turtle FD 100
Turtle RT 144
Next i
WaitForKey()

' Test 1.5: BACK command
TestCase("Forward and Back")
Turtle RESET
Turtle HT
Turtle FD 100
Pause 500
Turtle BACK 100
WaitForKey()

' Test 1.6: Spiral
TestCase("Spiral using increasing distances")
Turtle RESET
Turtle HT
For i = 1 To 50
Turtle FD i * 2
Turtle RT 15
Next i
WaitForKey()

EndTest()
End Sub

' ============================================================================
' TEST 2: PEN CONTROL
' ============================================================================
Sub Test_PenControl()
Local i As INTEGER
Local w As INTEGER
Local colors(6) As INTEGER

StartTest("Pen Control Tests")

' Test 2.1: PENUP and PENDOWN
TestCase("Dashed line with PENUP/PENDOWN")
Turtle RESET
Turtle HT
For i = 1 To 5
Turtle PD
Turtle FD 20
Turtle PU
Turtle FD 20
Next i
WaitForKey()

' Test 2.2: PENCOLOR
TestCase("Rainbow colors")
Turtle RESET
Turtle HT
colors(0) = RGB(RED)
colors(1) = RGB(255,127,0)
colors(2) = RGB(YELLOW)
colors(3) = RGB(GREEN)
colors(4) = RGB(BLUE)
colors(5) = RGB(75,0,130)
colors(6) = RGB(148,0,211)
For i = 0 To 6
Turtle PENCOLOR colors(i)
Turtle FD 40
Turtle RT 51
Next i
WaitForKey()

' Test 2.3: PENWIDTH
TestCase("Varying line widths")
Turtle RESET
Turtle HT
For w = 1 To 5
Turtle PENWIDTH w
Turtle FD 50
Turtle RT 90
Next w
WaitForKey()

' Test 2.4: Pen color and width combination
TestCase("Colored thick spiral")
Turtle RESET
Turtle HT
Turtle PENWIDTH 3
For i = 1 To 36
Turtle PENCOLOR RGB(255, (i*7) Mod 256, 255-((i*7) Mod 256))
Turtle FD i * 2
Turtle RT 10
Next i
WaitForKey()

EndTest()
End Sub

' ============================================================================
' TEST 3: POSITION CONTROL
' ============================================================================
Sub Test_Position()
Local x As INTEGER
Local angle As INTEGER
Local i As INTEGER

StartTest("Position Control Tests")

' Test 3.1: SETXY
TestCase("Connect four corners with SETXY")
Turtle RESET
Turtle HT
Turtle PU
Turtle SETXY 50, 50
Turtle PD
Turtle SETXY 270, 50
Turtle SETXY 270, 190
Turtle SETXY 50, 190
Turtle SETXY 50, 50
WaitForKey()

' Test 3.2: SETX and SETY
TestCase("Grid pattern with SETX/SETY")
Turtle RESET
Turtle HT
Turtle PU
Turtle setxy 40,40
Turtle pd
For x = 40 To 280 Step 40
Turtle SETX x
Turtle SETY 40
Turtle PD
Turtle SETY 200
Turtle PU
Next x
WaitForKey()

' Test 3.3: SETHEADING
TestCase("Radial lines with SETHEADING")
Turtle RESET
Turtle HT
For angle = 0 To 360 Step 30
Turtle HOME
Turtle SETHEADING angle
Turtle FD 80
Next angle
WaitForKey()

' Test 3.4: HOME command
TestCase("Random walk then HOME")
Turtle RESET
Turtle HT
For i = 1 To 50
Turtle FD 8
Turtle RT(Rnd() * 90 - 45)
Next i
Pause 1000
Turtle PU
Turtle HOME
Turtle PD
Turtle PENCOLOR RGB(RED)
Turtle CIRCLE 5
WaitForKey()

EndTest()
End Sub

' ============================================================================
' TEST 4: CIRCLE TESTS
' ============================================================================
Sub Test_Circles()
Local r As INTEGER
Local x As INTEGER
Local y As INTEGER
Local i As INTEGER

StartTest("Circle Tests")

' Test 4.1: Basic circles
TestCase("Concentric circles")
Turtle RESET
Turtle HT
For r = 10 To 100 Step 10
Turtle HOME
Turtle CIRCLE r
Next r
WaitForKey()

' Test 4.2: Circle at different positions
TestCase("Circle grid")
Turtle RESET
Turtle HT
For x = 60 To 260 Step 50
For y = 60 To 180 Step 40
Turtle PU
Turtle SETXY x, y
Turtle PD
Turtle CIRCLE 20
Next y
Next x
WaitForKey()

' Test 4.3: DOT command
TestCase("Dots of varying sizes")
Turtle RESET
Turtle HT
For i = 1 To 10
Turtle PU
Turtle SETXY 30 + i * 25, 120
Turtle PD
Turtle DOT i * 3
Next i
WaitForKey()

' Test 4.4: FCIRCLE (filled circles)
TestCase("Filled circles - solid")
Turtle RESET
Turtle HT
Turtle FILLCOLOR RGB(255, 100, 100)
Turtle PU
Turtle SETXY 100, 120
Turtle FCIRCLE 40
Turtle SETXY 220, 120
Turtle FILLCOLOR RGB(100, 100, 255)
Turtle FCIRCLE 40
WaitForKey()

EndTest()
End Sub

' ============================================================================
' TEST 5: RECTANGLE TESTS
' ============================================================================
Sub Test_Rectangles()
Local angle As INTEGER

StartTest("Rectangle Tests")

' Test 5.1: FRECT (axis-aligned filled rectangles)
TestCase("Axis-aligned filled rectangles")
Turtle RESET
Turtle HT
Turtle FILLCOLOR RGB(RED)
Turtle PU
Turtle SETXY 80, 120
Turtle FRECT 60, 40
Turtle SETXY 160, 120
Turtle FILLCOLOR RGB(GREEN)
Turtle FRECT 60, 40
Turtle SETXY 240, 120
Turtle FILLCOLOR RGB(BLUE)
Turtle FRECT 60, 40
WaitForKey()

' Test 5.2: ARECT (heading-aligned rectangles)
TestCase("Rotated rectangles with ARECT")
Turtle RESET
Turtle HT
Turtle FILLCOLOR RGB(255, 200, 0)
For angle = 0 To 360 Step 45
Turtle HOME
Turtle SETHEADING angle
Turtle ARECT 80, 40
Next angle
WaitForKey()

' Test 5.3: ARECT vs FRECT comparison
TestCase("ARECT vs FRECT at 45 degrees")
Turtle RESET
Turtle HT
Turtle PU
Turtle SETXY 100, 120
Turtle SETHEADING 45
Turtle FILLCOLOR RGB(255, 0, 0)
Turtle ARECT 80, 50
Turtle SETXY 220, 120
Turtle FILLCOLOR RGB(0, 0, 255)
Turtle FRECT 80, 50
WaitForKey()

EndTest()
End Sub

' ============================================================================
' TEST 6: ARC TESTS
' ============================================================================
Sub Test_Arcs()
Local i As INTEGER
Local x As INTEGER
Local angles(3) As INTEGER
Local colors(3) As INTEGER
Local start_angle As INTEGER

StartTest("Arc Tests")

' Test 6.1: Basic arc
TestCase("Simple arc - semicircle")
Turtle RESET
Turtle HT
Turtle ARC 50, 180
WaitForKey()

' Test 6.2: Flower pattern with arcs
TestCase("Flower with arc petals")
Turtle RESET
Turtle HT
For i = 1 To 30
Turtle ARC 40, 60
Turtle RT 120
Turtle ARC 40, 60
Turtle RT 195
Next i
WaitForKey()

' Test 6.3: ARCL and ARCR
TestCase("ARCL vs ARCR")
Turtle RESET
Turtle HT
Turtle PU
Turtle SETXY 100, 120
Turtle PD
Turtle PENCOLOR RGB(RED)
Turtle ARCL 50, 180
Turtle PU
Turtle SETXY 220, 120
Turtle PD
Turtle PENCOLOR RGB(BLUE)
Turtle ARCR 50, 180
WaitForKey()

' Test 6.4: Spiral with arcs
TestCase("Arc spiral")
Turtle RESET
Turtle HT
For i = 1 To 20
Turtle ARC(i * 3), 30
Next i
WaitForKey()

' Test 6.5: WEDGE (pie slice)
TestCase("Pac-Man with WEDGE")
Turtle RESET
Turtle HT
Turtle FILLCOLOR RGB(255, 255, 0)
Turtle WEDGE 60, 30, 330
' Add eye
Turtle PU
Turtle SETXY 175, 100
Turtle FILLCOLOR RGB(0, 0, 0)
Turtle FCIRCLE 5
WaitForKey()

' Test 6.6: Pie chart
TestCase("Simple pie chart")
Turtle RESET
Turtle HT
angles(0) = 90
angles(1) = 120
angles(2) = 150
angles(3) = 0
colors(0) = RGB(255,0,0)
colors(1) = RGB(0,255,0)
colors(2) = RGB(0,0,255)
colors(3) = RGB(255,255,0)
start_angle = 0
For i = 0 To 3
Turtle HOME
Turtle FILLCOLOR colors(i)
Turtle WEDGE 70, start_angle,(start_angle + angles(i))
start_angle = start_angle + angles(i)
Next i
WaitForKey()

EndTest()
End Sub

' ============================================================================
' TEST 7: FILL PATTERN TESTS
' ============================================================================
Sub Test_FillPatterns()
Local x As INTEGER
Local y As INTEGER
Local p As INTEGER
Local i As INTEGER
Local gradient_patterns(7) As INTEGER

StartTest("Fill Pattern Tests")

' Test 7.1: All patterns showcase
TestCase("Pattern showcase (0-15)")
Turtle RESET
Turtle HT
For p = 0 To 15
x = (p Mod 4) * 70 + 50
y = (p \ 4) * 50 + 40
Turtle PU
Turtle SETXY x, y
Turtle FILLPATTERN p
Turtle FILLCOLOR RGB(200, 100, 50)
Turtle FCIRCLE 25
Next p
WaitForKey()

' Test 7.2: More patterns
TestCase("Pattern showcase (16-31)")
Turtle RESET
Turtle HT
For p = 16 To 31
x = ((p-16) Mod 4) * 70 + 50
y = ((p-16) \ 4) * 50 + 40
Turtle PU
Turtle SETXY x, y
Turtle FILLPATTERN p
Turtle FILLCOLOR RGB(50, 100, 200)
Turtle FCIRCLE 25
Next p
WaitForKey()

' Test 7.3: Patterns on rectangles
TestCase("Patterns on rectangles")
Turtle RESET
Turtle HT
For p = 0 To 7
Turtle PU
Turtle SETXY 40 + p * 35, 120
Turtle FILLPATTERN p
Turtle FILLCOLOR RGB(100, 200, 100)
Turtle FRECT 30, 80
Next p
WaitForKey()

' Test 7.4: Gradient effect
TestCase("Density gradient (sparse to dense)")
Turtle RESET
Turtle HT
gradient_patterns(0) = 24
gradient_patterns(1) = 14
gradient_patterns(2) = 7
gradient_patterns(3) = 1
gradient_patterns(4) = 8
gradient_patterns(5) = 11
gradient_patterns(6) = 27
gradient_patterns(7) = 0
For i = 0 To 7
Turtle PU
Turtle SETXY 40 + i * 35, 120
Turtle FILLPATTERN gradient_patterns(i)
Turtle FILLCOLOR RGB(150, 150, 150)
Turtle FCIRCLE 25
Next i
WaitForKey()

' Test 7.5: Pattern on rotated rectangle
TestCase("Patterns on rotated rectangles")
Local angle As INTEGER
Turtle RESET
Turtle HT
Turtle FILLPATTERN 6
Turtle FILLCOLOR RGB(255, 150, 0)
For angle = 0 To 360 Step 45
CLS
Turtle HOME
Turtle SETHEADING angle
Turtle ARECT 70, 30
Pause 1000
Next angle
WaitForKey()

EndTest()
End Sub

' ============================================================================
' TEST 8: POLYGON FILL TESTS
' ============================================================================
Sub Test_PolygonFill()
Local i As INTEGER

StartTest("Polygon Fill Tests")

' Test 8.1: Filled triangle
TestCase("Filled triangle with BEGIN_FILL/END_FILL")
Turtle RESET
Turtle HT
Turtle FILLCOLOR RGB(255, 100, 100)
Turtle BEGIN_FILL
For i = 1 To 3
Turtle FD 100
Turtle RT 120
Next i
Turtle END_FILL
WaitForKey()

' Test 8.2: Filled star
TestCase("Filled star")
Turtle RESET
Turtle HT
Turtle FILLCOLOR RGB(255, 255, 0)
Turtle BEGIN_FILL
For i = 1 To 5
Turtle FD 100
Turtle RT 144
Next i
Turtle END_FILL
WaitForKey()

' Test 8.3: Pattern-filled hexagon
TestCase("Pattern-filled hexagon")
Turtle RESET
Turtle HT
Turtle FILLCOLOR RGB(100, 200, 255)
Turtle FILLPATTERN 6
Turtle BEGIN_FILL
For i = 1 To 6
Turtle FD 60
Turtle RT 60
Next i
Turtle END_FILL
WaitForKey()

' Test 8.4: Complex polygon with curves
TestCase("Polygon with arcs")
Turtle RESET
Turtle HT
Turtle FILLCOLOR RGB(200, 100, 200)
Turtle FILLPATTERN 1
Turtle BEGIN_FILL
For i = 1 To 4
Turtle ARC 40, 90
Next i
Turtle END_FILL
WaitForKey()

EndTest()
End Sub

' ============================================================================
' TEST 9: STACK TESTS
' ============================================================================
Sub Test_Stack()
Local i As INTEGER

StartTest("Stack (PUSH/POP) Tests")

' Test 9.1: Simple PUSH/POP
TestCase("Basic PUSH/POP - draw and return")
Turtle RESET
Turtle HT
Turtle PUSH
Turtle FD 100
Turtle RT 90
Turtle FD 50
Turtle POP
Turtle PENCOLOR RGB(RED)
Turtle CIRCLE 5
WaitForKey()

' Test 9.2: Recursive tree
TestCase("Recursive tree with PUSH/POP")
Turtle RESET
Turtle HT
Turtle PU
Turtle SETXY 160, 200
Turtle SETHEADING 90
Turtle PD
DrawBranch(60)
WaitForKey()

' Test 9.3: Multiple PUSH/POP
TestCase("Nested PUSH/POP")
Turtle RESET
Turtle HT
Turtle PUSH
Turtle FD 80
Turtle PUSH
Turtle RT 45
Turtle FD 60
Turtle POP
Turtle RT 90
Turtle FD 60
Turtle POP
Turtle PENCOLOR RGB(RED)
Turtle CIRCLE 5
WaitForKey()

' Test 9.4: Snowflake with PUSH/POP
TestCase("Snowflake pattern")
Turtle RESET
Turtle HT
For i = 1 To 6
Turtle PUSH
DrawSnowflakeBranch(70)
Turtle POP
Turtle RT 60
Next i
WaitForKey()

EndTest()
End Sub

' ============================================================================
' TEST 10: CURSOR TESTS
' ============================================================================
Sub Test_Cursor()
Local i As INTEGER
Local size As INTEGER
Local cursor_colors(4) As INTEGER

StartTest("Cursor Tests")

' Test 10.1: SHOWTURTLE and HIDETURTLE
TestCase("Toggle cursor visibility")
Turtle RESET
Turtle ST
Print "Cursor should be visible"
WaitForKey()
Turtle HT
Print "Cursor should be hidden"
WaitForKey()

' Test 10.2: Cursor follows movement
TestCase("Cursor following movement")
Turtle RESET
Turtle ST
For i = 1 To 4
Turtle FD 80
Pause 500
Turtle RT 90
Next i
WaitForKey()

' Test 10.3: CURSORSIZE
TestCase("Different cursor sizes")
Turtle RESET
For size = 5 To 20 Step 5
Turtle ST
Turtle CS size
Pause 800
Next size
WaitForKey()

' Test 10.4: CURSORCOLOR
TestCase("Different cursor colors")
Turtle RESET
Turtle ST
cursor_colors(0) = RGB(RED)
cursor_colors(1) = RGB(GREEN)
cursor_colors(2) = RGB(BLUE)
cursor_colors(3) = RGB(YELLOW)
cursor_colors(4) = RGB(MAGENTA)
For i = 0 To 4
Turtle CURSORCOLOR cursor_colors(i)
Turtle FD 40
Turtle RT 72
Pause 500
Next i
WaitForKey()

EndTest()
End Sub

' ============================================================================
' TEST 11: COMPLEX DRAWING TESTS
' ============================================================================
Sub Test_ComplexDrawing()
Local x As INTEGER
Local layer As INTEGER
Local i As INTEGER

StartTest("Complex Drawing Tests")

' Test 11.1: House
TestCase("Draw a house")
Turtle RESET
Turtle HT
' Base
Turtle FILLCOLOR RGB(200, 150, 100)
Turtle PU
Turtle SETXY 160, 150
Turtle FRECT 100, 80
' Roof
Turtle PU
Turtle SETXY 160, 110
Turtle PD
Turtle FILLCOLOR RGB(150, 50, 50)
Turtle BEGIN_FILL
Turtle setxy 110,110
Turtle setxy 130,80
Turtle setxy 190,80
Turtle setxy 210,110
Turtle setxy 110,110
Turtle END_FILL
' Door
Turtle PU
Turtle SETXY 160, 170
Turtle FILLCOLOR RGB(100, 50, 0)
Turtle FRECT 25, 40
' Window
Turtle SETXY 130, 135
Turtle FILLCOLOR RGB(200, 220, 255)
Turtle FRECT 20, 20
WaitForKey()

' Test 11.2: Flower garden
TestCase("Flower garden")
Turtle RESET
Turtle HT
' Ground - make it span the full width
Turtle PU
Turtle SETXY 160, 180
Turtle FILLCOLOR RGB(brown)
Turtle FILLPATTERN 1
Turtle FRECT 320, 80

' Flowers - evenly spaced across the ground
For x = 70 To 250 Step 60
DrawFlower(x, 150 + Int(Rnd() * 10))
Next x
WaitForKey()

' Test 11.3: Spiral galaxy
TestCase("Spiral galaxy")
Turtle RESET
Turtle HT
Turtle PENWIDTH 2
For i = 1 To 100
Turtle PENCOLOR RGB((100 + i), (100 + i), 255)
Turtle FD(i * 0.8)
Turtle RT 20
Next i
WaitForKey()

' Test 11.4: Mandala
TestCase("Mandala pattern")
Turtle RESET
Turtle HT
For layer = 1 To 3
For i = 1 To 12
Turtle HOME
Turtle SETHEADING(i * 30)
Turtle FD(layer * 25)
Turtle FILLCOLOR RGB((255 - layer * 60), (100 + layer * 40), 200)
Turtle FILLPATTERN(layer * 5)
Turtle FCIRCLE(20 - layer * 5)
Next i
Next layer
WaitForKey()

EndTest()
End Sub

' ============================================================================
' TEST 12: STRESS TESTS
' ============================================================================
Sub Test_Stress()
Local i As INTEGER
Local start_time As INTEGER
Local p As INTEGER

StartTest("Stress Tests")

' Test 12.1: Many small lines
TestCase("1000 random lines")
Turtle RESET
Turtle HT
start_time = Timer
For i = 1 To 1000
Turtle PU
Turtle SETXY Rnd() * 300 + 10, (Rnd() * 220 + 10)
Turtle PD
Turtle SETHEADING Rnd() * 360
Turtle FD 10
Next i
Print "Time: " + Str$(Timer - start_time) + " ms"
WaitForKey()

' Test 12.2: Many circles
TestCase("100 random circles")
Turtle RESET
Turtle HT
start_time = Timer
For i = 1 To 100
Turtle PU
Turtle SETXY Rnd() * 280 + 20, (Rnd() * 200 + 20)
Turtle FILLCOLOR RGB((Rnd()*255), (Rnd()*255), (Rnd()*255))
Turtle FILLPATTERN Rnd() * 8
Turtle FCIRCLE Rnd() * 15 + 5
Next i
Print "Time: " + Str$(Timer - start_time) + " ms"
WaitForKey()

' Test 12.3: Deep stack
TestCase("Deep PUSH/POP stack (10 levels)")
Turtle RESET
Turtle HT
For i = 1 To 10
Turtle PUSH
Turtle FD(i * 10)
Turtle RT 36
Next i
For i = 1 To 10
Turtle POP
Pause 200
Next i
WaitForKey()

' Test 12.4: Large polygon
TestCase("100-sided polygon fill")
Turtle RESET
Turtle HT
Turtle FILLCOLOR RGB(200, 100, 255)
Turtle FILLPATTERN 1
start_time = Timer
Turtle BEGIN_FILL
For i = 1 To 100
Turtle FD 3
Turtle RT 3.6
Next i
Turtle END_FILL
Print "Time: " + Str$(Timer - start_time) + " ms"
WaitForKey()

EndTest()
End Sub

' ============================================================================
' HELPER FUNCTIONS FOR COMPLEX DRAWINGS
' ============================================================================

Sub DrawBranch(length As INTEGER)
If length < 10 Then Exit Sub

Turtle FD length

Turtle PUSH
Turtle LT 30
DrawBranch(length * 0.7)
Turtle POP

Turtle PUSH
Turtle RT 30
DrawBranch(length * 0.7)
Turtle POP
End Sub

Sub DrawSnowflakeBranch(length As INTEGER)
Turtle FD length
Turtle PUSH
Turtle RT 45
Turtle FD(length * 0.4)
Turtle POP
Turtle PUSH
Turtle LT 45
Turtle FD(length * 0.4)
Turtle POP
End Sub

Sub DrawFlower(x As INTEGER, y As INTEGER)
Local i As INTEGER

Turtle PU
Turtle SETXY x, y
Turtle PD

' Stem
Turtle PENCOLOR RGB(50, 150, 50)
Turtle PENWIDTH 2
Turtle SETHEADING 0
Turtle FD 30

' Petals
Turtle FILLCOLOR RGB(255, 100, 150)
For i = 1 To 6
Turtle PUSH
Turtle FCIRCLE 8
Turtle POP
Turtle RT 60
Next i

' Center
Turtle FILLCOLOR RGB(255, 255, 0)
Turtle FCIRCLE 5

Turtle PENWIDTH 1
End Sub

' ============================================================================
' TEST FRAMEWORK HELPERS
' ============================================================================

Sub StartTest(test_name$)
CLS
Print "=========================================="
Print test_name$
Print "=========================================="
Print
test_number = 0
End Sub

Sub EndTest()
Print
Print "Test section complete."
End Sub

Sub TestCase(description$)
test_number = test_number + 1
Print "Test " + Str$(test_number) + ": " + description$
End Sub

Sub WaitForKey()
Print " (Press any key for next test)"
Do While Inkey$ = "": Loop
End Sub

Sub RunAllTests()
Print "Running all tests..."
Test_BasicMovement()
Test_PenControl()
Test_Position()
Test_Circles()
Test_Rectangles()
Test_Arcs()
Test_FillPatterns()
Test_PolygonFill()
Test_Stack()
Test_Cursor()
Test_ComplexDrawing()
Test_Stress()
Print
Print "ALL TESTS COMPLETE!"
End Sub

' ============================================================================
' RUN THE TEST MENU
' ============================================================================
TestMenu()

Edited 2025-11-13 05:19 by matherp

toml_12953
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Posted: 09:08pm 12 Nov 2025

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matherp said V6.01.00RC12

This release contains a very comprehensive turtle graphics implementation for all versions except the WebMite RP2040 and WebMite RP2350.

Awwww. No Webmite?

Mixtel90

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Posts: 8320

Posted: 08:01am 13 Nov 2025

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Now this is getting a bit silly, Peter. You've more or less included a full dedicated Turtle computer into the firmware. :) Very nice, thanks!

@toml
The Webmite doesn't support a VGA or HDMI graphics display. It's designed to send any graphics to a browser. That doesn't support pixel by pixel operations.

Mick

Zilog Inside! nascom.info for Nascom & Gemini
Preliminary MMBasic docs & my PCB designs

matherp
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Posted: 08:22am 13 Nov 2025

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Couple of typos in the command list

Quote SET HEADING angle (SETH) - Set absolute heading (0=right, 90=up)
HOME - Return to center (160,120) heading 0

should be

Quote SET HEADING angle (SETH) - Set absolute heading (0=up, 90=right)
HOME - Return to center (MM.HRES\2,MM.VRES\2) heading 0

Here is one of the CMM2 turtle demo programs. Run on a VGA or HDMI at 640x480 resolution. Tested on a RP2040 VGA mode 1

' Sierpinski Triangle Recursive Fractal
' Author: "Sasquatch"
MODE 1
CLS
Text 0, 0, "Sierpinski Triangle", "", 2
Text 2, 25, "Press ctrl-C to Quit", "", 1
Turtle reset
Turtle Pen Up
Turtle Move 55,470
Turtle Turn Right 90
Turtle Pen Down
Sierpinski(520,7)
Do :Loop
Sub Sierpinski(Length,Level)
If Level = 0 Then
For i = 1 To 3
Turtle Forward Length
Turtle Turn Left 120
Next i
Exit Sub
EndIf
Sierpinski(Length / 2.0, Level - 1)
Turtle Pen Up
Turtle Forward Length / 2.0
Turtle Pen Down
Sierpinski(Length / 2.0, Level - 1)
Turtle Pen Up
Turtle Turn Left 120
Turtle Forward Length / 2.0
Turtle Turn Right 120
Turtle Pen Down
Sierpinski(Length / 2.0, Level - 1)
Turtle Pen Up
Turtle Turn Left 60
Turtle Backward Length / 2.0
Turtle Turn Right 60
Turtle Pen Down
End Sub

Edited 2025-11-13 18:35 by matherp

JohnS
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Posted: 09:13am 13 Nov 2025

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I wonder if Tom and Gerry are keeping up...

(Jerry would have been a handy spelling!)

John

Volhout
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Posted: 09:13am 13 Nov 2025

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@Peter,

Should I worry about memory (flash) management ? The uf2 file has grown since the start of V6.01.00 by 60kbyte at least (b9->rc12).
But the A:/ drive is still 774144 bytes in size.
And we still have 3 flash slots size 100kbyte.
And there is still 16k persistent variable memory.

No overlap yet with grown firmware ?

This is RP2040 VGA PS2.

My worry is not with VGA, but with the non-vga RP2040 used for Game*Mite. The Game*Mite essentially operates using flash slots, and (except 40kbyte) the whole A: drive. When A: shrinks there is definitely impact.

Regards,

Volhout

P.S. I started testing rc12 VGA2040 on my key programs, but have not finished yet. There is one program that does not run (AS02.5) but I have to check what causes it. If it is reserved keyword use as variable. Don't know yet. I also noticed that the speed increase you realized between b20 and rc? has been reversed in rc12 (it is slower again). But marginally slower (derived from framerates in LA and games).
Edited 2025-11-13 19:20 by Volhout

PicomiteVGA PETSCII ROBOTS

Volhout
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Posted: 01:01pm 13 Nov 2025

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@Peter,

LINE PLOT does not adhere to the selected framebuffer in 2040 VGA. It always plots to N.

Volhout

PicomiteVGA PETSCII ROBOTS

matherp
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Posted: 01:34pm 13 Nov 2025

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It can't, unless line also does the same. It calls the same underlying routine with no differences

lizby
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Posted: 01:42pm 13 Nov 2025

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matherp said ... a very comprehensive turtle graphics implementation ...

Congratulations to you and Claude. I may have to introduce myself to this Claude fellow (though I'm not sure I have any projects worthy of his attention).

Any hope for an RP2340A version for ILI9488 480x320? That's my go-to ready-at-hand picomite, because I typically sit in my La-Z-Boy with a laptop and have no monitor for VGA or HDMI.

PicoMite, Armmite F4, SensorKits, MMBasic Hardware, Games, etc. on fruitoftheshed

matherp
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Posted: 02:06pm 13 Nov 2025

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Quote Any hope for an RP2340A version for ILI9488 480x320?

Already there, it is only the WebMites where I haven't enabled it

Volhout
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Posted: 02:31pm 13 Nov 2025

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matherp said It can't, unless line also does the same. It calls the same underlying routine with no differences

LINE PLOT is so blazing fast. Had to adapt the program loop for it. Now it is fine.

Volhout

PicomiteVGA PETSCII ROBOTS

lizby
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Posted: 03:06pm 13 Nov 2025

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matherp said Already there

Thanks. All turtle tests ran successfully, other than that for 2 of the spirals, the LCD borders were exceeded and the last lines were drawn on the bordering pixels.

Great job.

PicoMite, Armmite F4, SensorKits, MMBasic Hardware, Games, etc. on fruitoftheshed

toml_12953
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Posted: 03:19pm 13 Nov 2025

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matherp said V6.01.00RC12
V6.01.00RC12

Your handheld design won't have turtle graphics, will it?

matherp
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Posted: 03:27pm 13 Nov 2025

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Yes, of course

Amnesie
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Posted: 03:56pm 13 Nov 2025

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Peter,

there is still the IR "bug"? in your new RC12 - did you read my post?

Post above

Greetings
Daniel
Edited 2025-11-14 01:57 by Amnesie

matherp
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Posted: 05:56pm 13 Nov 2025

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Minor update to RC12 to fix IR issue and add extra memory protection to the turtle code.
Note for IR on the RP2350 a 4K7 pullup on the data line is HIGHLY recommended (E9 issues)

PicoMiteV6.01.00RC12.zip

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