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Forum Index : Microcontroller and PC projects : GPS clock

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ajkw
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Joined: 29/06/2011
Location: Australia
Posts: 290
Posted: 01:53am 29 Jun 2013
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Andrew,
I have a DS1302 on my Maximite and it has been very reliable. It is not SPI or I2C, you just have to bit bang it with 3 I/O lines.

Refer,
http://www.thebackshed.com/forum/forum_posts.asp?TID=3775&KW =RTC

I now have much more refined software to read and write to it than what is linked in the thread/topic but what is there would get you going.

Anthony.
 
vk4tec

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Joined: 24/03/2012
Location: Australia
Posts: 239
Posted: 02:21am 29 Jun 2013
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Thanks Anthony

I will tackle that tomorrow

- Andrew -
Andrew Rich VK4TEC
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MicroBlocks

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Joined: 12/05/2012
Location: Thailand
Posts: 2209
Posted: 05:18am 29 Jun 2013
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Andrew,

I have a few of these lying around, but not connected yet.
MCP79400-I/SN
(You get a list of Microchip datasheets, click on the one about this chip. I am still organizing my website, so i can not link straight to the document yet.)
It has a little RAM a unique ID and an automatic battery failover.
The commands look easy enough and is accessible with I2C.
They should be around 2-3US$.
Edited by TZAdvantage 2013-06-30
Microblocks. Build with logic.
 
vk4tec

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Joined: 24/03/2012
Location: Australia
Posts: 239
Posted: 05:37am 29 Jun 2013
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Would I be right in saying most protocols can be bit banged ?

I have seen it done in assembly

Have to look how to do it in MMbasic

Andrew
Andrew Rich VK4TEC
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cwilt
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Joined: 20/03/2012
Location: United States
Posts: 147
Posted: 06:43am 29 Jun 2013
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  Talbit said   There have been a few ideas of how to set the RTC via the GPS NMEA string but for good accuracy, you need to sync the RTC to the GPS PPS which I would say might be impossible. Remember, the PPS is the only accurate time reference.
Talbit


I will try to post some code by the end of the weekend.
 
BobD

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Joined: 07/12/2011
Location: Australia
Posts: 935
Posted: 09:14am 29 Jun 2013
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There are a lot of GPS modules out there and they are not all the same. I am looking for a unit and, so far, I have looked at the EM-406A, EM-408 and the EM-411, all made by GlobalSat. Of these, only one has a 1PPS output. Two are 5 volts and one is 3.3 volts. One has an external antenna socket in addition to the on-board antenna. All three support the NMEA 0183 data protocol.

Andrew, what unit are you using? Does it have a 1PPS output?
 
vk4tec

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Joined: 24/03/2012
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Posts: 239
Posted: 09:19am 29 Jun 2013
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It's Alive



My GPS module is a SIRF

It does not have PPS

It has RS232 / TTL

I have Garmin GPS18 that does have PPS

+ SIRF GPS TTL
+ MaxiMite Mini
+ 5 volts PSU
+ 3 volts PSU
+ SDP8 LED 7 seg x 8 ( SPI ) - needs power on 10 header 9,5 and GND on 7 and 10
+ Pins 20 / 19 GPS TX / RX TTL
+ Pins 18, 17, 15 SPI (L) low speed

- Andrew - Edited by vk4tec 2013-06-30
Andrew Rich VK4TEC
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MicroBlocks

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Joined: 12/05/2012
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Posts: 2209
Posted: 09:31am 29 Jun 2013
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  Talbit said   Gents,
There have been a few ideas of how to set the RTC via the GPS NMEA string but for good accuracy, you need to sync the RTC to the GPS PPS which I would say might be impossible. Remember, the PPS is the only accurate time reference.
Talbit

Why would a RTC chip with a 32.768 Khz crystal not be accurate?
Without a GPS signal the PPS is generated just like in a RTC chip.
In my experience a RTC deviates a few seconds in about a month. Meaning you would only need to synchronize a RTC just once every week to stay within a second accuracy.
Microblocks. Build with logic.
 
vk4tec

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Joined: 24/03/2012
Location: Australia
Posts: 239
Posted: 09:37am 29 Jun 2013
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It's all good

Needed an excuse to do some more building

One second a month is fine

Now to tidy it up and put it into a box

Andrew
Andrew Rich VK4TEC
www.tech-software.net
 
Dylan
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Joined: 17/06/2013
Location: Netherlands
Posts: 81
Posted: 10:52am 29 Jun 2013
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  TZAdvantage said  Why would a RTC chip with a 32.768 Khz crystal not be accurate?


Perhaps because (apparently/allegedly) the resonant frequency is actually 32.765, and the capacitors over the RTC crystal need to be expertly balanced to up it by 3Hz.
 
BobD

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Posted: 11:46am 29 Jun 2013
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The Maxim DS3231 has its crystal on-board in the chip. This allows the chip to read the temperature of the crystal and dynamically adjust the frequency to achieve better accuracy. The chip also has a user adjustable "aging register" and the user can read the temperature of the chip. Not sure if all this gets better accuracy than other RTCs but at least you don't need to buy a crystal and capacitors.

edit
It also comes as a product called Chronodot, a pluggable module with a battery and it's I2C although I think others in the family use SPI.Edited by BobD 2013-06-30
 
cwilt
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Posts: 147
Posted: 12:02pm 29 Jun 2013
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I use chronodots which are temperature compensated DS3231 and even it is off by 5 seconds a month.
 
vk4tec

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Joined: 24/03/2012
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Posts: 239
Posted: 01:09pm 29 Jun 2013
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Rem FUTURELEC GPS 7 segment x 8 LED

max = 20 ' maximum nbr of params
Dim arg$(max) ' used to hold the data fields

SetPin 16,2 ' RX
SetPin 17,8 ' TX
SetPin 18,8 ' CLK
SetPin 15,8 ' Enable

Pin(15) =0
Pause 10
a = SPI(16,17,18,&H0A,L)
a = SPI(16,17,18,&H02,L)
Pin(15)=1
Pause 10

Pin(15) =0
Pause 10
a = SPI(16,17,18,&H0B,L)
a = SPI(16,17,18,&H07,L)
Pin(15)=1
Pause 10

Pin(15) =0
Pause 10
a = SPI(16,17,18,&H09,L)
a = SPI(16,17,18,&Hff,L)
Pin(15)=1
Pause 10

Pin(15) =0
Pause 10
a = SPI(16,17,18,&H0C,L)
a = SPI(16,17,18,&H01,L)
Pin(15)=1
Pause 10

Open "COM2:19200" As #1

Do

nmea_sentence

If arg$(0) = "GPRMC" Then
Print arg$(1)
tme$ = arg$(1)
utchr$ = Mid$(arg$(1),1,2)
utchr = Val(utchr$)
If utchr > 13 Then
lclhr = utchr - 14
EndIf

If utchr < 14 Then
lclhr = utchr + 10
EndIf

utcmn$ = Mid$(arg$(1),3,2)
utcmn = Val(utcmn$)

lclhr$ = Format$(lclhr,"%02g")
lclmn$ = Format$(utcmn,"%02g")

digit1$ = Mid$(arg$(1),6,1)
Pin(15) =0
Pause 10
a = SPI(16,17,18,&H01,L)
a = SPI(16,17,18,Val(digit1$),L)
Pin(15)=1
Pause 10

digit2$ = Mid$(arg$(1),5,1)
Pin(15) =0
Pause 10
a = SPI(16,17,18,&H02,L)
a = SPI(16,17,18,Val(digit2$),L)
Pin(15)=1
Pause 10

Pin(15) =0
Pause 10
a = SPI(16,17,18,&H03,L)
a = SPI(16,17,18,10,L)
Pin(15)=1
Pause 10

digit3$ = Mid$(arg$(1),4,1)
Pin(15) =0
Pause 10
a = SPI(16,17,18,&H04,L)
a = SPI(16,17,18,Val(digit3$),L)
Pin(15)=1
Pause 10

digit4$ = Mid$(arg$(1),3,1)
Pin(15) =0
Pause 10
a = SPI(16,17,18,&H05,L)
a = SPI(16,17,18,Val(digit4$),L)
Pin(15)=1
Pause 10

Pin(15) =0
Pause 10
a = SPI(16,17,18,&H06,L)
a = SPI(16,17,18,10,L)
Pin(15)=1
Pause 10

digit5$ = Mid$(lclhr$,2,1)
Pin(15) =0
Pause 10
a = SPI(16,17,18,&H07,L)
a = SPI(16,17,18,Val(digit5$),L)
Pin(15)=1
Pause 10

digit6$ = Mid$(lclhr$,1,1)
Pin(15) =0
Pause 10
a = SPI(16,17,18,&H08,L)
a = SPI(16,17,18,Val(digit6$),L)
Pin(15)=1
Pause 10

EndIf

Loop

Rem -- SUBS --


Sub nmea_sentence
Do
msg$ ="$" ' subroutine start
Do While Input$(1, #1) <> "$" : Loop ' wait for the start
For i = 0 To max
arg$(i) = "" ' clear ready for data
Do ' loops until a specific exit
x$ = Input$(1, #1)
msg$ = msg$ + x$ ' get the character
If x$ = "," Then Exit ' new data field, increment i
If x$ = "*" Then Return ' we have all the data so return
arg$(i) = arg$(i) + x$
'Print arg$(i) ' add to the data
Loop
'Print arg$(i) ' loop back for the next char
Next i ' move to the next data field
' Print "Corrupt data..." ' exceeded max data items
'Print msg$
Loop

End Sub


Andrew Rich VK4TEC
www.tech-software.net
 
cwilt
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Joined: 20/03/2012
Location: United States
Posts: 147
Posted: 06:50pm 29 Jun 2013
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GPS serial connected to COM2. 1PPS to pin 3.

This is a simple one shot event to set CMM time. I have a chronodot attached to my CMM so it updates it too.

I wish there was a command to force CMM time update from RTC not just during boot.


Open "COM2:9600" As #1
tz=-6 'timezone
cls
pause 200
Do:Loop Until Loc(1)>0
Do
Line Input #1, temp$
loop until left$(temp$,6)="$GPRMC"
Close #1
gpshour=Val(Mid$(temp$,8,2))+tz
If gpshour<0 Then gpshour=24+gpshour
gpsminute=Val(Mid$(temp$,10,2))
gpssecond=Val(Mid$(temp$,12,2))+1
gpstime$=Str$(gpshour)+":"+Str$(gpsminute)+":"+Str$(gpssecon d)
setpin 3,6,settime
Do:Loop

Sub settime
Time$=gpstime$
SetPin 3,0
Print "Done"
Exit
End Sub
Edited by cwilt 2013-07-01
 
Talbit
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Joined: 07/06/2011
Location: Australia
Posts: 210
Posted: 12:26am 30 Jun 2013
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cwilt,
I'm not sure but my guess is that you are extracting the time from the GPS and loading it into the RTC on the PPS, right? Well I recon your RTC will be a whole second behind UTC. Have a look at my GPS clocks and you'll see that I add one second to the time then load it into the display on the PPS. This doesn't depend on crystal accuracy but on the precision of the PPS which is meant to be within 1uSec. I'm fussy about accuracy and no matter how good your RTC crystal is, it will still drift. The only delays are in the actual MM execution times. If you reset you RTC say once a day AND sync it to the PPS then that would probably be okay but you can't have too much of a jump in your time accuracy. I've got a lot on my plate at the moment but am keen to get back to adding a RTC to my clock that is set by the GPS and synced to the PPS.
Talbit
Talbit
 
Talbit
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Location: Australia
Posts: 210
Posted: 12:45am 30 Jun 2013
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If anyone is interested, I'll send some happy snaps of my latest clock using the Futurlec LED display. It's mounted in a Jaycar 1U 19" box. I think the software is unchanged from my latest post in my "MM - GPS clock update" posts but I'll add it to this post if someone asks.
TalbitEdited by Talbit 2013-07-01
Talbit
 
vk4tec

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Joined: 24/03/2012
Location: Australia
Posts: 239
Posted: 12:57am 30 Jun 2013
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Photos yes please

I was going to go for a 1 ru as well

But I thought it might be overkill

Andrew
Andrew Rich VK4TEC
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BobD

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Joined: 07/12/2011
Location: Australia
Posts: 935
Posted: 12:58am 30 Jun 2013
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Photos and software please.
 
Talbit
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Posts: 210
Posted: 01:24am 30 Jun 2013
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Okay, give me a couple of days.
I updated the interface PCB the other week so it's a bit neater.
I'm using a mono MM but there is no reason you can't use a mini MM. One thing I did do was remove the 5 volt regulator from the MM board and feed the MM from a small 12 to 5V switcher I made. Again, anything similar will do the job.
Talbit
Talbit
 
Talbit
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Location: Australia
Posts: 210
Posted: 01:40am 30 Jun 2013
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Here you go...
' Garmin GPS/FUTURLEC 7 segment x 8 LED
' Trevor Dalziell 15 June 2013

'SPI setup

'Pin 12 = Rx
'Pin 13 = Enable (Active low)
'Pin 14 = Tx
'Pin 15 = Clk (active Low)

max = 20 ' maximum nbr of params
Dim arg$(max) ' used to hold the data fields
Pin_set ' Set the I/O pins
Start:
PB=1
Set_Board ' Set up the LED Display board
Do while pin(17)=0 : Loop ' Wait for PPS to go high,
Pause 2000 ' Then wait for 2 seconds until things settle.

'''''''''''''''''''' Main ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''

Do

Open "COM2:19200" As #1 ' Read the data from the GPS

nmea_sentence ' Get the NMEA string

Close #1 ' Close and clear the port
' This is necessary to fix the system if the
' PPS or GPS in general is disconnected

If arg$(0) = "GPRMC" then ' We have the correct NMEA string
If arg$(2) = "A" then Extract_info ' A means locked, data is good


Endif
Endif
Print GPST$;
Add_Second

tme$ = hh$+mm$+ss$
dte$ = dd$+mo$+yy$

Do while pin(17)=0 : Loop ' Wait for PPS to go high, set the Time Break high

print " "+hh$+":"+mm$+":"+ss$

If DAY=1 THEN PULSE 2,6000: Goto Getout
If HOUR=1 THEN PULSE 2,4000: Goto Getout
If MINUTE=1 THEN PULSE 2,2000
Getout:
Endif

' Now send the information to the LED display

If PB=1 then Display_tme
If PB=0 then Display_dte

EndIf
Loop
Start

' -- SUBS --
'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' '''
'Set the I/O pins

Sub Pin_Set

SETPIN 17,2 'Make Pin 17 digital Input (PPS)
SETPIN 2,8 'Make Pin 2 a digital output (Time Break)
SETPIN 1,7,Button 'Interrupt routine to toggle PB after button is pressed
End Sub

'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' '''
'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' '''
' Get the NMEA String from the GPS

Sub nmea_sentence

DO
DO WHILE INPUT$(1, #1) <> "$" : LOOP ' wait for the start
FOR i = 0 TO max
arg$(i) = "" ' clear ready for data
DO ' loops until a specific exit
x$ = INPUT$(1, #1) ' get the character
IF x$ = "," THEN EXIT ' new data item, increment i
IF x$ = "*" THEN RETURN ' we have all the data so return
arg$(i) = arg$(i) + x$ ' add to the data
LOOP ' keep going
NEXT i ' increment i

LOOP



' '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' '''
' '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' '''
'Extracting Time & Date

Sub Extract_info

GPST$=LEFT$(arg$(1),6) ' Get the Time
GPSD$=LEFT$(arg$(9),6) ' Get the Date


End Sub


' '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' '''
' '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' '''
'Update time by 1 second

Sub Add_Second

hh$ = MID$(GPST$, 1, 2) 'Get the hours
mm$ = MID$(GPST$, 3, 2) 'Get the minutes
ss$ = MID$(GPST$, 5, 2) 'Get the seconds
dd$ = MID$(GPSD$, 1, 2) 'Get the days
mo$ = MID$(GPSD$, 3, 2) 'Get the months
yy$ = MID$(GPSD$, 5, 2) 'Get the years
ss = VAL(ss$) 'Change Time to an integer
mm = VAL(mm$)
hh = VAL(hh$)
dd = VAL(dd$) 'Change Date to an integer
mo = VAL(mo$)
yy = VAL(yy$)
'
Minute=0:Hour=0:Day=0
ss=ss+1 'Add 1 second
IF ss<60 THEN GOTO Change_Back else ss=00
mm=mm+1 'Increment the minute
Minute=1
IF mm<60 THEN GOTO Change_Back else mm=00
hh=hh+1 'Increment the hour
Hour=1
IF hh<24 THEN GOTO Change_Back else hh=00
Day=1

Change_Back:

ss$=STR$(ss) 'Change them all back to Strings...
mm$=STR$(mm)
hh$=STR$(hh)
IF LEN(ss$) = 1 THEN ss$ = "0" +ss$ 'Add leading zeros
IF LEN(mm$) = 1 THEN mm$ = "0" +mm$
IF LEN(hh$) = 1 THEN hh$ = "0" +hh$
IF LEN(dd$) = 1 THEN dd$ = "0" +dd$
IF LEN(mo$) = 1 THEN mo$ = "0" +mo$
IF LEN(yy$) = 1 THEN yy$ = "0" +yy$
End SUB




'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' '
'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' '

'Interrupt routine to toggle PB after button is pressed

Button:

PAUSE 2 'Wait for switch to debounce
PB=NOT(PB)
IRETURN

'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' '
'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' '

Sub Set_Board

Pin(13) =1
Pin(15) =1
SetPin 12,2 'Input - Ingored
SetPin 13,8 'Digital output - Enable
SetPin 14,8 'Digital output - Data
SetPin 15,8 'Digital output - Clk

Pin(13) =0
a = SPI(12,14,15,&H0A,H)
a = SPI(12,14,15,&H05,H) 'Intensity = 5
Pin(13)=1

Pin(13) =0
a = SPI(12,14,15,&H0B,H)
a = SPI(12,14,15,&H07,H) 'Scan limit - All digits
Pin(13)=1

Pin(13) =0
a = SPI(12,14,15,&H09,H)
a = SPI(12,14,15,&HFF,H) 'Code B decode for all digits
Pin(13)=1

Pin(13) =0
a = SPI(12,14,15,&H0C,H)
a = SPI(12,14,15,&H01,H) 'Shutdown, Normal
Pin(13)=1

Pin(13) =0
a = SPI(12,14,15,&H0F,H)
a = SPI(12,14,15,&H01,H) 'Display test, All segments on
Pin(13)=1

Pause 1000 'for 1 second

Pin(13) =0
a = SPI(12,14,15,&H0F,H)
a = SPI(12,14,15,&H00,H) 'Normal operation
Pin(13)=1
'Write Dashes to the display
Pin(13) =0
a = SPI(12,14,15,&H01,H)
a = SPI(12,14,15,&H0A,H) 'Dash
Pin(13) =1

Pin(13) =0
a = SPI(12,14,15,&H02,H)
a = SPI(12,14,15,&H0A,H) 'Dash
Pin(13) =1

Pin(13) =0
a = SPI(12,14,15,&H03,H)
a = SPI(12,14,15,&H0A,H) 'Dash
Pin(13) =1

Pin(13) =0
a = SPI(12,14,15,&H04,H)
a = SPI(12,14,15,&H0A,H) 'Dash
Pin(13) =1

Pin(13) =0
a = SPI(12,14,15,&H05,H)
a = SPI(12,14,15,&H0A,H) 'Dash
Pin(13) =1

Pin(13) =0
a = SPI(12,14,15,&H06,H)
a = SPI(12,14,15,&H0A,H) 'Dash
Pin(13) =1

Pin(13) =0
a = SPI(12,14,15,&H07,H)
a = SPI(12,14,15,&H0A,H) 'Dash
Pin(13) =1

Pin(13) =0
a = SPI(12,14,15,&H08,H)
a = SPI(12,14,15,&H0A,H) 'Dash
Pin(13) =1

End Sub

''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
Sub Display_TME


digit1$ = Mid$(tme$,6,1)
Pin(13) =0
a = SPI(12,14,15,&H01,H)
a = SPI(12,14,15,Val(digit1$),H) 'Seconds
Pin(13) =1


digit2$ = Mid$(tme$,5,1)
Pin(13) =0
a = SPI(12,14,15,&H02,H)
a = SPI(12,14,15,Val(digit2$),H) '10s Seconds
Pin(13) =1

' Digit 3
Pin(13) =0
a = SPI(12,14,15,&H03,H)
a = SPI(12,14,15,&H0F,H) 'Blank
Pin(13) =1


digit4$ = Mid$(tme$,4,1)
Pin(13) =0
a = SPI(12,14,15,&H04,H)
a = SPI(12,14,15,Val(digit4$),H) 'Mins
Pin(13) =1


digit5$ = Mid$(tme$,3,1)
Pin(13) =0
a = SPI(12,14,15,&H05,H)
a = SPI(12,14,15,Val(digit5$),H) '10s Mins
Pin(13) =1

' Digit 6
Pin(13) =0
a = SPI(12,14,15,&H06,H)
a = SPI(12,14,15,&H0F,H) 'Blank
Pin(13) =1


digit7$ = Mid$(tme$,2,1)
Pin(13) =0
a = SPI(12,14,15,&H07,H)
a = SPI(12,14,15,Val(digit7$),H) 'Hours
Pin(13) =1


digit8$ = Mid$(tme$,1,1)
Pin(13) =0
a = SPI(12,14,15,&H08,H)
a = SPI(12,14,15,Val(digit8$),H) '10s Hours
Pin(13) =1

End Sub

'''''' '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' '''
'''''' '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' '''

Sub Display_DTE

digit1$ = Mid$(dte$,6,1)
Pin(13) =0
a = SPI(12,14,15,&H01,H)
a = SPI(12,14,15,Val(digit1$),H) 'Year
Pin(13) =1


digit2$ = Mid$(dte$,5,1)
Pin(13) =0
a = SPI(12,14,15,&H02,H)
a = SPI(12,14,15,Val(digit2$),H) '10s Year
Pin(13) =1

' Digit 3
Pin(13) =0
a = SPI(12,14,15,&H03,H)
a = SPI(12,14,15,&H0F,H) 'Blank
Pin(13) =1


digit4$ = Mid$(dte$,4,1)
Pin(13) =0
a = SPI(12,14,15,&H04,H)
a = SPI(12,14,15,Val(digit4$),H) 'Month
Pin(13) =1


digit5$ = Mid$(dte$,3,1)
Pin(13) =0
a = SPI(12,14,15,&H05,H)
a = SPI(12,14,15,Val(digit5$),H) '10s Month
Pin(13) =1

' Digit 6
Pin(13) =0
a = SPI(12,14,15,&H06,H)
a = SPI(12,14,15,&H0F,H) 'Blank
Pin(13) =1


digit7$ = Mid$(dte$,2,1)
Pin(13) =0
a = SPI(12,14,15,&H07,H)
a = SPI(12,14,15,Val(digit7$),H) 'Day
Pin(13) =1


digit8$ = Mid$(dte$,1,1)
Pin(13) =0
a = SPI(12,14,15,&H08,H)
a = SPI(12,14,15,Val(digit8$),H) '10s Day
Pin(13) =1

End Sub

'''''''' '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' '''
'''''''' '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' '''


and the circuit...
2013-06-30_113541_SPI_LED_2_June_2013.pdf

Please be aware that this is a slightly different version to my earlier version posted under MM GPS clock update.

Happy snaps to follow

Talbit
Talbit
 
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