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Forum Index : Microcontroller and PC projects : PicoMite - thinking about PIO - and a request
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| matherp Guru  Joined: 11/12/2012 Location: United KingdomPosts: 8578 |
One of the strengths of the RP2040 is the two PIO channels which can run small programs independent of the main processor. I've been thinking about how to give access to these from Basic and the developing concept is as follows: PIO INIT - loads a program to a PIO, sets the clock etc. PIO START/STOP - starts and stops an instance of a PIO program PIO READ/WRITE - sends and receives data from a PIO The bit that I'm missing is an assembler to construct the PIO binary code from text. My thought in the first instance is that this could be written in Basic There are only 9 instructions and a program is a maximum of 32 instructions long. The PIO program could easily be stored in Basic DATA statements e.g. DATA "set x, 23" DATA "bitloop: set pins,1" DATA "out y, 1 [5]" DATA ..... DATA NOP Then a basic subroutine could convert this into a 8 element integer array (32 instructions at 16bits each). This array would then be used by PIO INIT to program the PIO. Anyone want to volunteer to write this basic subroutine? All the info needed is in the RP2040 datasheet or the RP2040 C SDK? Adopting this approach means that I can get on with the PIO Basic instruction knowing that the input to it will always be an array of 8 integers Thoughts? Volunteers? |
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thwill Guru Joined: 16/09/2019 Location: United KingdomPosts: 3839 |
I will (try) to do it if you want Peter, but I can't promise to do it quickly, so if there are other volunteers you may want to consider one of them. Edit: if anyone does start work on this then please post, I don't want to be duplicating effort - thanks. Best wishes, Tom Edited 2021-06-27 18:43 by thwill Game*Mite, CMM2 Welcome Tape, Creaky old text adventures |
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Mixtel90 Guru Joined: 05/10/2019 Location: United KingdomPosts: 5725 |
I'm just reading the info (it's clever stuff, innit?) - tbh I don't think I have the skills for assembler writing. This site has a nice chart showing the makeup of the instructions: https://www.cnx-software.com/2021/01/27/a-closer-look-at-raspberry-pi-rp2040-programmable-ios-pio/ I'm going to have a little play based on that anyway. You never know, something may come of it eventually. lol There may only be 9 instructions, but the arguments for each seem pretty complex. Edited 2021-06-27 19:30 by Mixtel90 Mick Zilog Inside! nascom.info for Nascom & Gemini Preliminary MMBasic docs & my PCB designs |
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| thwill Guru Joined: 16/09/2019 Location: United KingdomPosts: 3839 |
I've taken a very brief look at the datasheet and this looks non-trivial but decidedly doable. However does the C SDK not include an assembler implementation that can be incorporated into the Picomite firmware ? Possibly licensing requirements might make that unpaletable even if it does exist ? Best wishes, Tom Game*Mite, CMM2 Welcome Tape, Creaky old text adventures |
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| Mixtel90 Guru Joined: 05/10/2019 Location: United KingdomPosts: 5725 |
I have a bit of something. You can change jump conditions and values and see the binary result. It doesn't calculate jumps - that's up to the programmer. I think Set is working too now. It's not trivial, but quite a bit of slog. :) It's all a bit crude. :) What does DATA "out y, 1 [5]" do? I thought out y, 1 put 1 into y, but what's the [5] bit? Took me a while to get a working parser to split up the arguments, but that seems to be ok now. Also added an extra optional argument to the end of each to set the delay time for the instruction. At the moment the output is a simple single-dimension array. 'PIO assembler - 003 Dim inst$(9)=("jmp","wait","in","out","push","pull","mov","irq","set","end") Dim op(31) 'this is the output array. bytes 0-31 Dim a$(6) 'arguments for the command Data "set pins,31,3" Data "jmp x,1,3" Data "bitloop: set pins,1" Data "out y,1 [5]" Data "end" ac=0 Do For i=0 To 6:a$(i)="":Next 'clean the args array Read d$ 'get statement If d$="end" Then Exit p=0 'point to the first argument array position For i=1 To Len(d$) 'parse the statement, putting the arguments into a$() t$=Mid$(d$,i,1) If (t$<>",") And (t$<>" ") Then a$(p)=a$(p)+t$ Else p=p+1 Next Select Case a$(0) 'process the command Case "jmp" av=&b0000000000000000 f1=0 Select Case a$(1) Case "ix":av=av+&b00100000+Val(a$(2))+(Val(a$(3))<<8) Case "x":av=av+&b01000000+Val(a$(2))+(Val(a$(3))<<8) Case "iy":av=av+&b01100000+Val(a$(2))+(Val(a$(3))<<8) Case "y":av=av+&b10000000+Val(a$(2))+(Val(a$(3))<<8) Case "x!=y":av=av+&b10100000+Val(a$(2))+(Val(a$(3))<<8) Case "pin":av=av+&b11000000+Val(a$(2))+(Val(a$(3))<<8) Case "!osre":av=av+&b11100000+Val(a$(2))+(Val(a$(3))<<8) Case Else :av=av+&b00000000+Val(a$(1))+(Val(a$(2))<<8) End Select op(ac)=av Case "wai" av=&b0010000000000000 Case "in " av=&b0100000000000000 Case "out" av=&b0110000000000000 Case "pus" av=&b1000000000000000 Case "pul" av=&b1000000000000000 Case "mov" av=&b1010000000000000 Case "irq" av=&b1100000000000000 Case "set" av=&b1110000000000000+Val(a$(2))+(Val(a$(3))<<8) Select Case a$(1) Case "x" av=av+&b00100000 Case "y" av=av+&b01000000 Case "pindirs" av=av+&b10000000 Case "pins" av=av+&b00000000 End Select op(ac)=av End Select ac=ac+1 Loop Restore p=0 Do Read d$ If d$="end" Then Exit Print p,Left$(d$+" ",20), Print Bin$(op(p),16) p=p+1 Loop Edited 2021-06-28 02:17 by Mixtel90 Mick Zilog Inside! nascom.info for Nascom & Gemini Preliminary MMBasic docs & my PCB designs |
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| Volhout Guru Joined: 05/03/2018 Location: NetherlandsPosts: 3521 |
I thought the [5] meas set bit 5 as a side action. PicomiteVGA PETSCII ROBOTS |
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| Mixtel90 Guru Joined: 05/10/2019 Location: United KingdomPosts: 5725 |
It might do, but the RP2040 datasheet doesn't seem to mention it in the part about the PIO instructions. I might just be bog-eyed. I must admit I haven't read everything and it might be C, which is all foreign to me. :) I've carried on and I'm down to Push and Pull now. Mov and Irq to go... Mick Zilog Inside! nascom.info for Nascom & Gemini Preliminary MMBasic docs & my PCB designs |
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| matherp Guru Joined: 11/12/2012 Location: United KingdomPosts: 8578 |
Suggest you watch this - excellent introduction to PIO and explains side vs delay |
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| Mixtel90 Guru Joined: 05/10/2019 Location: United KingdomPosts: 5725 |
That's very good indeed! And it solved my immediate problem. :) The [n] bit is working properly now. No labels yet, of course. That's a "design challenge" for the future. lol Latest version: PIO assembler wip007.zip Edited 2021-06-28 04:48 by Mixtel90 Mick Zilog Inside! nascom.info for Nascom & Gemini Preliminary MMBasic docs & my PCB designs |
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| matherp Guru Joined: 11/12/2012 Location: United KingdomPosts: 8578 |
I think we should set some assumed defaults. These can be relaxed as the assembler and the firmware get more sophisticated. I've probably missed some To start I propose: 1 program per PIO, program entry address is always 0 no. of statements is always 32 - pad with mov y,y (i.e.NOP) 1 bit for side and 4 bits for delay. Side will always be allocated to data rather than direction FIFOs are always 4 in and 4 out autopull, autopush both off Pull threshold is 32-bits optional side-set is off outshift and in shift directions both default no H/W interrupts The PIO init command will need the following: various pin base no.s and counts Push threshold (# of bits to satisfy a push) wrap bottom, wrap top clock speed JMP pin Edited 2021-06-28 04:46 by matherp |
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| thwill Guru Joined: 16/09/2019 Location: United KingdomPosts: 3839 |
 And directives, and what looks like arbitrary expression evaluation (section 3.3.3, you might be able to lean on MMBasics EVAL function to help with that), traditionally you'd also need some manner of 2nd pass to handle forward jumps to labels. I wasn't trying to be deliberately obtuse when I described this exercise as "non-trivial" and that is why I enquired if the source of the SDK might already contain an implementation, including all the bells and whistles, in C which Peter could just lift. Best wishes, Tom Edited 2021-06-28 05:43 by thwill Game*Mite, CMM2 Welcome Tape, Creaky old text adventures |
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| Mixtel90 Guru Joined: 05/10/2019 Location: United KingdomPosts: 5725 |
Like I said, Tom, I'm playing. :) I've never even considered writing any sort of assembler before. If this thing is of any use whatsoever it'll be a miracle. And I refuse to worry about sorting out jumps and labels - the whole prog will fit on 32 lines of text on your screen or on a single side of A4 paper if you insist on bells & whistles. You can count the jumps. :) Eh... when I were a lad we programmed Z80 machine code without an assembler at all ... ;) Mick Zilog Inside! nascom.info for Nascom & Gemini Preliminary MMBasic docs & my PCB designs |
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| thwill Guru Joined: 16/09/2019 Location: United KingdomPosts: 3839 |
Z80, you were lucky, we had to make do with a 6502 and if we asked for H&L registers we were sent to bed without any supper. Actually I missed out on that part of 8-bit computing, but that is a different story. Best wishes, Tom Edited 2021-06-28 06:24 by thwill Game*Mite, CMM2 Welcome Tape, Creaky old text adventures |
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| matherp Guru Joined: 11/12/2012 Location: United KingdomPosts: 8578 |
Gosh I would never have thought of that. I just proposed an approach without any research or reading the SDK docs or the chip datasheet or going through the source of PIOASM or watching videos on PIO or googling and reading articles |
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| thwill Guru Joined: 16/09/2019 Location: United KingdomPosts: 3839 |
Alas Peter I don't know what you think on many issues (or necessarily agree with those thoughts I do know about.) I fear that when they were handing out omniscience I instead asked for a modicum of good manners and a soupscon of mutual respect for those who might offer to do hours of unpaid software development that would help me towards my goals. I'm sorry, Tom Edited 2021-06-28 08:41 by thwill Game*Mite, CMM2 Welcome Tape, Creaky old text adventures |
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| Mixtel90 Guru Joined: 05/10/2019 Location: United KingdomPosts: 5725 |
I've had a reprieve from something. All jumps in PIO programming are absolute so I've no relative jump calculations to bother about if I get round to adding labels. :) @matherp I assume you would like the output array arranged with bit 0 of the first instruction at bit 0 of the first element of the array? Mick Zilog Inside! nascom.info for Nascom & Gemini Preliminary MMBasic docs & my PCB designs |
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| Volhout Guru Joined: 05/03/2018 Location: NetherlandsPosts: 3521 |
Hi mixtel90, To make your life easier, you may think of "line numbers" as labels..The ancient Basic way we just left behind. Just start every new instruction with a line number, that is the actual address in the PIO sequencer. 0,1,2,3,4 etc... Your "compiler" can simply ignore lines that doe not start with a line number. Or is this a bad idea..? In a later version you can start thinking about the match to evaluate labels. Regards, Volhout P.S. I will try your pio compiler later today. I am many versions of picomite behind. I am still doing FFT.  P.P.S. There are some examples of PIO sequencer use on the web. Like the WS2812 driver. That would be simple things to try. Edited 2021-06-28 16:34 by Volhout PicomiteVGA PETSCII ROBOTS |
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| Mixtel90 Guru Joined: 05/10/2019 Location: United KingdomPosts: 5725 |
I'm not sure if it's a bad idea... I'll think about it. The source code is the data statements, of course, and I can simply use a statement like DATA ":alabelname" to get an easy to parse label position, which will relate to the following data statement. That would be easier than parsing a label on the same line as an instruction. A first set of data reads could pick those up and save the addresses in an array. Hmmm... labels for later. :) The prog isn't ready for doing anything with yet (not all the commands are there), but by all means have some fun with it. :) I plan to make some pretty major changes to it today. Mick Zilog Inside! nascom.info for Nascom & Gemini Preliminary MMBasic docs & my PCB designs |
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| matherp Guru Joined: 11/12/2012 Location: United KingdomPosts: 8578 |
Remember the field$ function - useful for parsing. Check the CMM2 manual for details |
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| Volhout Guru Joined: 05/03/2018 Location: NetherlandsPosts: 3521 |
Hi Mixtel90, Nice work Mixtel !! Tried some different examples from the web in your V07 compiler. It works correct for the parts implemented. - the "side" command is not implemented yet - the [x] value in brackets looks like a timing (how many timer clock ticks) this sequence takes. I added hex view in the print function, since all examples in the micropython pages is presented as a hex file. Easier to compare the output. Volhout PicomiteVGA PETSCII ROBOTS |
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